The Police Lab AI centers its research on three core themes: intelligent interactive dialogues, reasoning with (legal) arguments and crime scenarios, and the integration of symbolic and subsymbolic AI techniques.
To drive these advancements, the lab leverages key technical AI components, focusing primarily on:
With a commitment to responsible AI systems.
The National Police Lab AI is dedicated to bridging the gap between technical AI research and modern law enforcement practice.
The lab’s mission and vision are to build the fundamental knowledge base, technological tools, and human capacities necessary to transition to a new generation of data-driven safety and policing systems supported and enhanced by smart, trustworthy technology.
The impact of the lab lies in accelerating a comprehensive sociotechnical transition, achieved by validating scientific breakthroughs directly in live policing environments alongside operational partners, fostering young scientific entrepreneurship, and embedding socially, legally, and ethically responsible AI frameworks to build trust across the public safety ecosystem.
Data-driven police work – Studies data-driven skills for investigation and intelligence and techniques to improve the efficiency of the learning process.
Responsible and transparent AI – Works proactive to implement the ethical and legal aspects of AI. This is done with both technical and non-technical research.
Simulation and optimization – Employing simulation techniques, the police obtains insight into the emergent behaviour of complex systems.
Algopol – Finding ways for value-sensitivity and transparency to strengthen citizens’ trust in the implementation and use of algorithms and strengthen police legitimacy.
AI4Intelligence – Aims to research and develop AI tools for dealing with large volumes of multimodal data in Police investigation and intelligence situations, going from this data to trustworthy evidence that can be used in court.
Effects of Graph Neural Network Aggregation Functions on Generalizability for Solving Abstract Argumentation Semantics Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Systems and Algorithms for Formal Argumentation (SAFA 2024), 2024.
Arguments based on domain rules in prediction justifications Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 24th Workshop on Computational Models of Natural Argument (CMNA 2024), 2024.
Related Explanations in Formal Argumentation, an Empirical Study Proceedings Article
In: Computational Models of Argument. Proceedings of COMMA 2024, 2024.
Human-annotated rationales and explainable text classification: a survey Journal Article
In: Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 2024.
Orchestrating Sensemaking: Investigating the Sensemaking Processes and its Enablers at the Dutch Police Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2024), 2024.
Minimality, necessity and sufficiency for argumentation and explanation Journal Article
In: International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, vol. 168, 2024.
Transdisciplinary Research as a Way Forward in AI & Law Journal Article
In: Journal of Cross-disciplinary Research in Computational Law (CRCL), vol. 2, no. 2, 2024.
AI, Law and beyond - A Transdisciplinary Ecosystem for the Future of AI & Law Journal Article
In: Artificial Intelligence and Law, 2024, (Presidential address to ICAIL 2023, Online first).
Precedent-Based Reasoning with Incomplete Cases Proceedings Article
In: Legal Knowledge and Information Systems. JURIX 2023: The Thirty-sixth Annual Conference, pp. 33–42, IOS Press, 2023.
Argumentative Reasoning in ASPIC+ under Incomplete Information Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR'23), Supplement, 2023.
Accessible Algorithms for Applied Argumentation Proceedings Article
In: First International Workshop on Argumentation and Applications (App&Arg'23), 2023.
Explaining Model Behavior with Global Causal Analysis Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 1st World Conference on eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (xAI 2023), 2023.
Wat doet het ertoe dat je een mens bent? Autonome AI systemen voor de politie Journal Article
In: Cahiers Politiestudies, 2023.
Understanding Data Professionals in the Police: A Qualitative Study of System-Level Bureaucrats Journal Article
In: Public Management Review, 2023.
Towards Meaningful Paragraph Embeddings for Data-Scarce Domains: A Case Study in the Legal Domain Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Automated Semantic Analysis of Information in Legal Text (ASAIL 2023), 2023.
Model- and data-agnostic justifications with A Fortiori Case-Based Argumentation Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (ICAIL'23), 2023.
Justification, Stability and Relevance for Case-based Reasoning with Incomplete Focus Cases Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (ICAIL'23), 2023.
‘Just like I thought’: Street-level bureaucrats trust AI recommendations if they confirm their professional judgment Journal Article
In: Public Administration Review, 2023.
Paper vs. practice: How legal and ethical frameworks influence public sector data professionals in the Netherlands Journal Article
In: Patterns, 2022.
People of Data: Responsible data science is a responsibility for all Journal Article
In: Patterns, 2022.
Approximating Stability for Applied Argument-based Inquiry Journal Article
In: Intelligent Systems with Applications, 2022.
Justification, Stability and Relevance for Transparent and Efficient Human-in-the-Loop Decision Support Book Section
In: Online Handbook of Argumentation for AI, vol. 3, 2022.
EGNN: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Architecture for Enforcement Heuristics Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the ninth International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA’22), 2022.
PyArg for Solving and Explaining Argumentation in Python: Demonstration Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the ninth International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA’22), 2022.
Stability and Relevance in Incomplete Argumentation Frameworks Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the ninth International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA’22), 2022.
Justifications Derived from Inconsistent Case Bases Using Authoritativeness Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Argumentation for eXplainable AI (ArgXAI 2022), 2022.
Contrastive Explanations for Argumentation-Based Conclusions Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 2022), 2022.
Enforcement Heuristics for Argumentation with Deep Reinforcement Learning Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI 2022), 2022.
Deductive and abductive argumentation based on information graphs Journal Article
In: Argument & Computation, 2022.
Explaining Arguments at the Dutch National Police Proceedings Article
In: AI Approaches to the Complexity of Legal Systems XI-XII (AICOL 2021), 2021.
Generating Realistic Natural Language Counterfactuals Proceedings Article
In: Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2021, 2021.
Enforcing Sets of Formulas in Structured Argumentation Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KR 2021), 2021.
Necessary and Sufficient Explanations for Argumentation-Based Conclusions Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 16th European Conference on Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning with Uncertainty (ECSQARU 2021), 2021.
Information graphs and their use for Bayesian network graph construction Journal Article
In: International Journal of Approximate Reasoning, 2021.
A Basic Framework for Explanations in Argumentation Journal Article
In: IEEE Intelligent Systems, 2021.
Machine-annotated Rationales: Faithfully Explaining Text Classification Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings for the Explainable Agency in AI Workshop at the 35th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2021.
Towards a Story Scheme Ontology of Terrorist MOs Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics (ISI 2020), 2020.
Towards transparent human-in-the-loop classification of fraudulent web shops Proceedings Article
In: International Conference on Legal Knowledge and Information Systems (JURIX 2020), 2020.
Estimating Stability for Efficient Argument-Based Inquiry Proceedings Article
In: International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA 2020), 2020.
Deductive and Abductive Reasoning with Causal and Evidential Information Proceedings Article
In: International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA 2020), 2020.
AGNN: A Deep Learning Architecture for Abstract Argumentation Semantics Proceedings Article
In: International Conference on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA 2020), 2020.
Deep Learning for Abstract Argumentation Semantics Proceedings Article
In: International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2020), 2020.
Natural-language Inquiry Dialogue in the Law-Enforcement Domain Journal Article
In: Artificial Intelligence and Law, 2020, (ICAIL Doctoral Consortium, Montreal 2019).
Towards fundamental models of radicalization Proceedings Article
In: Social Simulation Conference (SSC 2019), 2019.
Revision Classification for Current Events in Dutch Wikipedia using a Long Short-term Memory Network Proceedings Article
In: Benelux Conference on Machine Learning (BENELEARN), 2019.
Constructing Bayesian network graphs from labeled arguments Proceedings Article
In: 15th European Conference on Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning with Uncertainty (ECSQARU 2019), 2019.
A Method for Efficient Argument-based Inquiry Proceedings Article
In: 13th International Conference on Flexible Query Answering Systems (FQAS 2019), 2019.
Supporting Discussions About Forensic Bayesian Networks Proceedings Article
In: 17th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law (ICAIL 2019), 2019.
AI-assisted message processing for the Netherlands National Police Proceedings Article
In: ICAIL 2019 Workshop on AI and the Administrative State (AIAS 2019), 2019.
Extraction of semantic relations in noisy user-generated law enforcement data Proceedings Article
In: 13th IEEE International Conference on Semantic Computing, 2019.
Dutch Police is a police service charged with enforcing the laws of the Netherlands, maintaining public order and providing assistance. It also forms the investigative service for the Public Prosecution Service
Utrecht University (UU) is an internationally leading research university where students and researchers work together to create a better world.
University of Amsterdam (UvA) is the Netherlands’ largest university, offering the widest range of academic programmes.
Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) is one of the oldest and largest technical university in the Netherlands.
